AML

  1. General Definitions

For the purposes of this Manual, and unless the context otherwise requires:

‘Act’ means the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2014;

‘AML/CFT Compliance Officer’ means the person appointed by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD as its AML/CFT compliance officer under the Regulations;

AML/CFT Reporting Officer’ means the person appointed by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD as its AML/CFT reporting officer under the Regulations;

Beneficial Owner’ means

(a) an individual who is an ultimate beneficial owner of the Legal Person, partnership or legal arrangement, whether or not the individual is the only beneficial owner;

(b) an individual who exercises ultimate control over the management of the Legal Person, partnership or legal arrangement, whether alone or jointly with any other person or persons, regardless of whether the ultimate ownership or control is direct or indirect. For the avoidance of doubt, an individual is not deemed to be the Beneficial Owner of a company, a‘Business Relationship’ means a business, professional or commercial relationship between BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD and a customer which is expected by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD , at the time when contact is established, to have an element of duration;

‘Customer Due Diligence Information’ means Identification Information and Relationship Information;

‘Customer Due Diligence Measures’ means

(1) the measures for:

(a) identifying a customer;

(b) determining whether the customer is acting for a Third Party and, if so, identifying the Third Party;

(c) verifying the identity of the customer and any Third Party for whom the customer is acting;

(d) identifying each Beneficial Owner of the customer and Third Party, where either the customer or Third Party, or both are not individuals;

(e) taking reasonable measures, on a risk-sensitive basis, to verify the identity of each Beneficial Owner of the customer and Third Party so that BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD is satisfied that it knows who each Beneficial Owner is, including, in the case of a Legal Person, partnership, Foundation, trust or similar arrangement, taking reasonable measures to understand the ownership and control structure of the Legal Person, partnership, Foundation, trust or similar arrangement; and

(f) obtaining information on the purpose and intended nature of the Business Relationship or Occasional Transaction. Such measures include where the customer is not an individual, measures for verifying that any person purporting to act on behalf of the customer is authorized to do so, identifying that person and verifying the identity of that person.

(2) Where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD is required to verify the identity of a person, it shall verify that person’s identity using documents, data or information obtained from a reliable and independent source.

‘Director’ in relation to a Legal Person means a person appointed to direct the affairs of the Legal Person and includes a person who is a member of the governing body of the Legal Person and a person who, in relation to the Legal Person, occupies the position of director by whatever name called;

‘Domestic Politically Exposed Person’ means a person who is or has been entrusted with a prominent public function by the Country;

‘FATF’ means the international body known as the Financial Action Task Force or such other international body as may succeed it;

‘FATF Recommendations’ means the FATF Recommendations, Interpretive Notes and Glossary issued by the FATF in February 2012, incorporating such amendments as may from time to time be made to the Recommendations or such document or documents issued by the FATF as may supersede those Recommendations;

Foreign Politically Exposed Person’ means a person who is, or has been entrusted with a prominent function by an international organisation;

‘Foundation’ means a foundation, wherever established;

‘Identification Information’ is information used to identify a person required by the Regulations to be identified and as specified in the Code;

‘Intermediary’ means a person who has or seeks to establish a Business Relationship or to carry out an Occasional Transaction on behalf of his or her customer with BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD , so that Intermediary becomes a customer of BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ;

‘Introducer’ means a person who has a Business Relationship with a customer and who introduces that customer to BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD with the intention that the customer will form a Business Relationship or conduct an Occasional Transaction with BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD so that the Introducer’s customer also becomes a customer of BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ;

Legal Person’ includes a company, a partnership, whether limited or general, an association or any unincorporated body of persons, but does not include a trust;

‘Occasional Transaction’ means a transaction that is carried out otherwise than as part of a Business Relationship, and is carried out as:

(a) a single transaction; or

(b) two or more linked transactions where it appears at the outset to any person handling any of the transactions that the transactions are linked or at any later stage it comes to the attention of the person handling any of those transactions that the transactions are linked, that amount to $ 2500 where it is a transaction or linked transaction carried out on the course of a money services business or $ 10,000 in the case of any other transaction or linked transaction;

Ongoing Monitoring’ means with regards to a Business Relationship:

(a) scrutinizing transactions undertaken throughout the course of the relationship, including where necessary the source of funds to ensure that the transactions are consistent with BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ’ knowledge of the customer and the customer’s business and risk profile; and

(b) keeping the documents, data or information obtained for the purpose of applying Customer Due Diligence measures up-to-date and relevant by undertaking reviews of existing records.‘Politically Exposed Person’ means a Foreign Politically Exposed Person, a Domestic Politically Exposed Person or a person who is, or has been entrusted with a prominent function by an international organisation;

‘Regulations’ means the Financial Intelligence Centre Act of South Africa, as amended from time to time, and all relevant rules and directives issued by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA);

‘Relationship Information’ means information concerning the Business Relationship or proposed Business Relationship between a BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD and its customer;

‘Relevant Business’ means a business which, if carried on by a person, would result int hat person being a BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ;

Third Party’ means a person for whom a customer is acting.

 

  1. Customer Due Diligence

2.1 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall:

  1. a) obtain Customer Due Diligence Information on every customer, Third Party and Beneficial Owner; and
  2. b) verify the identity of the customer and any Third Party and take reasonable measures on a risk sensitive basis, to verify the identity of each Beneficial Owner in accordance with this Manual.

2.2 Customer Due Diligence Measures shall be applied:

  1. a) before BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD establishes a Business Relationship or carries out an Occasional Transaction;
  2. b) where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD suspects money laundering or terrorist financing or doubts the veracity or adequacy of documents, data or information previously obtained under its Customer Due Diligence Measures or when conducting Ongoing Monitoring; and
  3. c) for existing customers at other appropriate times as determined on a risksensitive basis and at least once every five-year period.

2.3 Customer Due Diligence Information shall be obtained where:

  1. a) there is a change in the Identification Information of a customer;
  2. b) there is a change in the Beneficial Ownership of a customer; or
  3. c) when there is a change in the Third Parties or the Beneficial Ownership of Third Parties.

2.4 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD may complete the verification of the identity of the customer, Third Party or Beneficial Owner after the establishment of a Business Relationship if:

  1. a) it is necessary not to interrupt the normal conduct of business;
  2. b) there is little risk of money laundering or terrorist financing occurring as a result; and
  3. c) verification of identity is completed as soon as reasonably practicable after contact with the customer is first established. Where it cannot be completed, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall terminate the Business Relationship with the customer.

2.5 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall conduct Ongoing Monitoring of a Business Relationship and where unable to do so, it shall terminate the Business Relationship.

2.6 Where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD is unable to apply Customer Due Diligence Measures before the establishment of a Business Relationship or before the carrying out of an Occasional Transaction in accordance with this Manual, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall not establish the Business Relationship or carry out the Occasional Transaction.

2.7 Where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD is unable to apply the measures, verify the identity or undertake

Ongoing Monitoring, it shall consider whether it is required to make a money laundering disclosure or terrorist financing disclosure.

 

  1. Risk Based Approach

3.1 In accordance with the provisions contained in this Section 3 and in Schedule 1, BAB

MARKETS LTD shall at all times apply a risk-sensitive approach to determining the extent

and nature of:

  1. a) the Customer Due Diligence Measures to be applied to a customer and to any

Third Party or Beneficial Owner; and

  1. b) its Ongoing Monitoring of a Business Relationship.

3.2 In doing so, it shall:

  1. a) assess the risk that any Business Relationship or Occasional Transaction involves, or will involve, money laundering or terrorist financing, depending upon the type of customer, Business Relationship, product or transaction and consider on a risk-sensitive basis, whether further identification or Relationship Information is required;
  2. b) on the basis of the Customer Due Diligence information obtained and the information obtained under paragraph (a) prepare and record a risk assessment with respect to the customer;
  3. c) periodically update the Customer Due Diligence information that it holds and adjust the riskassessment it has made accordingly.

3.3 In preparing a risk assessment with respect to a customer, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall take account of all relevant risks and shall consider, in particular, the relevance of the following risks:

  1. a) customer risk;
  2. b) product risk;
  3. c) delivery risk; and
  4. d) country risk.

3.4 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall be able to demonstrate at all times that:

  1. a) the extent of the Customer Due Diligence Measures applied in any case is appropriate having regard to the circumstances of the case, including the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing; and
  2. b) it has obtained appropriate information to carry out the risk assessments required.

3.5 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall, on a risk-sensitive basis, apply enhanced due diligence measures and undertake enhanced Ongoing Monitoring:

  1. a) where the customer has not been physically present for identification purposes;
  2. b) where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD has, or proposes to have, a Business Relationship with, or proposes to carry out an Occasional Transaction with, a person connected with a country that does not apply, or insufficiently applies the FATF Recommendations;
  3. c) where BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD has or proposes to have a Business Relationship with, or to carry out an Occasional Transaction with, a Foreign Politically Exposed Person or a family member or close associate of a Foreign Politically Exposed Person;
  4. d) where any of the following is a Foreign Politically Exposed Person or a family member or close associate of a Foreign Politically Exposed Person:
  5. a Beneficial Owner of the customer;
  6. a Third Party for whom a customer is acting;

iii. a Beneficial Owner of a Third Party for whom a customer is acting;

  1. a person acting, or purporting to act on behalf of the customer;
  2. where a customer, transaction or Business Relationship involves:
  3. private banking, Legal Persons or arrangements, including trusts, that are personal asset holdingvehicles; or

vii. companies that have nominee shareholders or shares in bearer form; and

viii. in any other situation which by its nature can present a higher risk of money laundering or terrorist

financing.

3.6 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall apply the following additional measures when it is applying due diligence measures to non-face-to-face customers:

  1. a) perform at least one additional check designed to mitigate the risk of identity fraud; and
  2. b) apply such additional enhanced Customer Due Diligence Measures or undertake enhanced Ongoing Monitoring as it considers appropriate.

3.7 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD is not required to apply Customer Due Diligence Measures before establishing a Business Relationship or carrying out an Occasional Transaction where it has reasonable grounds to believe that the customer is a service provider, foreign regulated person, public authority in the State or a company the securities of which are listed on a recognized exchange.

3.8 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall not set up or maintain a numbered account, an anonymous account or an account in a name which it knows or has reasonable grounds to suspect, is fictitious.

 

  1. Introducers and Intermediaries

4.1 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD may rely on an Introducer or an Intermediary to apply Customer Due Diligence Measures with respect to a customer, Third Party or Beneficial Owner if:

  1. a) the Introducer or Intermediary is a regulated person or a foreign regulated

person; and

  1. b) the Introducer or Intermediary consents to being relied on,
  2. c) and shall immediately obtain the Customer Due Diligence Information from

the Introducer or Intermediary.

4.2 Before relying on the Introducer or Intermediary, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall obtain adequate

assurance in writing from the Intermediary or Introducer that they:

  1. a) have applied the Customer Due Diligence Measures for which BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD intends to rely on;
  2. b) are required to keep and do keep a record of the evidence of identification relating to each of thecustomers of the Intermediary or Introducer;
  3. c) will without delay provide the information in that record to BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD or any supervisory authority if so required.

4.3 Before relying on the Introducer or Intermediary, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall:

  1. a) satisfy itself that the Intermediary or Introducer is a regulated person or a foreign regulated person and has all the procedures in place to undertake Customer Due Diligence Measures.
  2. b) assess the risk of relying on the Intermediary or Introducer with a view to determining:
  3. whether it is appropriate to rely on the Intermediary or Introducer; and
  4. if it considers it is so appropriate, whether it should take any additional measures to manage the risk
  5. c) obtain in writing from the Introducer:
  6. confirmation that each introduced customer is an established customer of the Introducer; and
  7. sufficient information about each introduced customer to enable it to assess the risk of moneylaundering and terrorist financing involving that customer.

iii. obtain in writing from the Intermediary sufficient information about the customer for whom the Intermediary is acting to enable the service provider to assess the risk of money laundering and terrorist

financing involving that customer.

4.4 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall:

  1. a) make and retain records detailing the risk assessment carried out and any additional risk mitigation measures it considers appropriate; and
  2. b) retain in its records the assurances and confirmations it has obtained and the information it has sought and obtained.

 

 

 

  1. Policies, Procedures, Systems, Controls, Record Keeping and Training

5.1 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall establish, maintain and implement appropriate risk-sensitive policies, procedures, systems and controls to prevent and detect money laundering and terrorist financing, including policies, systems and controls relating to:

  1. a) Customer Due Diligence Measures and Ongoing Monitoring;
  2. b) the reporting of disclosures;
  3. c) record keeping;
  4. d) the screening of employees;
  5. e) internal controls;
  6. f) risk assessment and management; and
  7. g) monitoring and management of compliance with, and the internal communication of, its policies,systems and controls to prevent and detect money laundering and terrorist financing, including those specified above.

5.2 The policies, systems and controls must provide for:

  1. a) the identification and scrutiny of:
  2. complex or unusually large transactions;
  3. unusual patterns of transactions which have no apparent economic or visible lawful purpose; and

iii. any other activity which BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD regards as particularly likely by its nature to be related to the risk of money laundering or terrorist financing.

  1. b) The taking of additional measures, where appropriate, to prevent the use for money laundering or terrorist financing of products and transactions which are susceptible to anonymity; and
  2. c) determining whether:
  3. a customer, any Third Party for whom the customer is acting and any Beneficial Owner of the customer or Third Party, is a politically exposed person or a family member or close associate of a politically exposed person;
  4. a Business Relationship or transaction or proposed Business Relationship or transaction is with a person connected with a country that does not apply or insufficiently applies the FATFRecommendations;

iii. a Business Relationship or transaction or proposed Business Relationship or transaction is with a person connected with a country that is subject to measures for purposes connected with the prevention and detection of money laundering or terrorist financing, imposed by one or more countries or sanctioned by the European Union or the United Nations.

5.3 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall maintain adequate procedures for monitoring and testing the effectiveness of the policies and procedures maintained in this Section 5 and the training provided as required herein.

5.4 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall keep all records in a form that enables them to be made available on a timely basis when lawfully required, to any supervisory authority or regulatory body as may be required.

5.5 The records required to be kept include:

  1. a) a copy of the evidence of identity obtained pursuant to the application of Customer Due Diligence Measures or Ongoing Monitoring or information that enables a copy of such evidence to be obtained;
  2. b) the supporting documents, data or information obtained in respect of a Business Relationship or Occasional Transaction which is the subject of Customer Due Diligence Measures or OngoingMonitoring;
  3. c) a record containing details relating to each transaction carried out by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD in the course of any Business Relationship or Occasional Transaction with sufficient information to enable the reconstruction of individual transactions;
  4. d) all account files;
  5. e) all business correspondence relating to a Business Relationship or an Occasional Transaction.

5.6 Records shall be kept in such manner that:

  1. a) facilitates Ongoing Monitoring and periodic updating;
  2. b) ensures that they are readily accessible to BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ;
  3. c) enables the supervisory authority, internal and external auditors and other competent authorities to assess the effectiveness of systems and controls that are maintained by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD toprevent and detect money laundering and terrorist financing.

5.7 The AML/CFT compliance officer and other appropriate employees shall have timely access to all customer Identification Information records, other Customer Due Diligence information, transaction records and other relevant information and records necessary for them to perform their functions.

5.8 BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall take appropriate measures for the purposes of making employees whose duties relate to the provision of relevant business aware of:

  1. a) the anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing policies, procedures, systems and controls maintained by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ; and
  2. b) the relevant laws relating to money laundering and terrorist financing offences, and,
  3. c) shall provide them with training in the recognition and handling of:
  4. d) transactions carried out by or on behalf of any person who is or appears to be engaged in moneylaundering or terrorist financing; and
  5. e) other conduct that indicates that a person is or appears to be engaged in money laundering or terrorist financing.

 

  1. Compliance and Reporting Obligations

6.1 The principal functions of the AML/CFT reporting officer are to:

  1. a) receive and consider internal money laundering and terrorist financing disclosures;
  2. b) consider whether a suspicious activity report should be made to any regulatory authorities and if so,submit such report.

6.2 The principal function of the AML/CFT compliance officer is to oversee and monitorBAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ’s compliance with all relevant legislation for the time being in force concerning money laundering and terrorist financing.

6.3 The AML/CFT reporting officer and the AML/CFT compliance officer shall:

  1. a) be an employee of BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD or of a company in the same group as BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ;
  2. b) have the appropriate sills and experience and otherwise be fit and proper to act as BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD ’s AML/CFT reporting officer and AML/CFT compliance officer;
  3. c) possess sufficient independence to perform his or her role objectively;
  4. d) have sufficient seniority in the organisational structure of BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD to undertake his or her responsibilities effectively and in particular, to ensure that his or her requests, where appropriate, are acted upon by BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD and its staff and his or her recommendations properly considered by the board;
  5. e) report regularly and directly to the board and have regular contact with the board;
  6. f) have sufficient resources, including time, to perform the functions of AML/CFT compliance officer and AML/CFT reporting officer effectively;
  7. g) have unfettered access to all business lines, support departments and information necessary to perform the functions of AML/CFT reporting officer and AML/CFT compliance officer effectively; and
  8. h) have timely access to all records that are necessary or expedient for the purpose of performing his or her functions as AML/CFT reporting officer or AML/CFT compliance officer.

Schedule 1 Risk Based Approach for KYC & AML

In this review of the current procedures for new client acquisition, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD Ltd, has used information provided through the FATF website www.fatf-gafi.org

BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD Ltd, relies on the various publications of the FATF and updates itself on any changes during the course of the year. There are 38 members of FATF. Residents of the United Kingdom along with residents of jurisdictions who are members of the EEA and FATF are considered ‘Low Risk’.

In addition, the nine FSRBs have an essential role in promoting the effective implementation of the FATF Recommendations by their membership and in providing expertise and input in FATF policy-making. Over 190 jurisdictions around the world have committed to the FATF Recommendations through the global network of FSRBs and FATF memberships.

BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD Ltd, considers these jurisdictions as ‘Medium Risk’ and requires a level of ‘Heightened Due Diligence’. ‘High Risk’ and other monitored jurisdictions will be evaluated on a case by case nature as to ensure fair play in a non-prejudicial style. BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD Ltd, will NOT deal with Sanctioned jurisdictions.

 

Due diligence requirements for individual clients or company representatives (Table 1)

BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD has assessed its current client base and has identified that there are

various levels of risks when engaging with new clients:

  1. Low and Medium risk – where clients originate from Low and Medium Risk jurisdictions it will carry the required Due Diligence and rely on Refinitiv to validate the Client’s passport and check it against the Refinitive sanction lists. The firm also uses information provided by the online available databases.
  2. High risk – Where clients originate from a High Risk Jurisdiction, it will carry Third Party checks and Enhanced Due Diligence on all new clients, requesting that all documents and be certified by a competent person.
  3. Sanction List and Very High risk – Where individuals are from countries that are in the Sanction list or have been identified as VERY high risk, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD Ltd will not carry any business with those individuals ( See list 1 Below). Compliance maintains a FATF Country Watch List and updates it periodically. The Account Representative prospecting the new client familiarise themselves with the various risk levels and obtain the necessary information from the client.

 

Due diligence requirements

Natural Persons – KYC requirements

Where the customer is a natural person, the following information shall be collected:

  1. True name(s) used;
  2. Residential address, city code, telephone number;

iii. Business address;

  1. Date and place of birth;

Customer Identity should be verified on the basis of documents, data or information obtained from a reliable and independent source or from any other source that BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD has reasonable grounds to believe and can be relied upon to identify and verify the identity of the customer.

In this respect, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall verify the customer’s identity via the provision of one the below documents:

  1. Valid Passport;
  2. National ID Card; and

iii. Current photo-card driving license.

The indicated documents should show a clear photograph of the customer.

The current residential address shall be verified by requesting one of the following documents:

  1. Recent utility bill;
  2. Recent Bank statement;

iii. Recent Credit card statement (monthly); and

  1. Tax identification numbers, Social Security number or Government Service and Insurance System

number.

The utility bill, bank statement and credit card statement should not be older than 3 months from the filing date.

Legal Persons – KYC Requirements

Where the customer is not an individual, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall take reasonable measures to identify the customer and verify its identity through the following information:

(a) name, legal form and proof of existence;

– the powers that regulate and bind the customer, including the name of the relevant persons with a senior management position;

– the address of the registered office, and if different, a principal place of business;

(b) verify that any person purporting to act on behalf of the customer is authorised to do so; and

(c) identify and verify the identity of that person.

In addition, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD shall take reasonable measures, on a risk-sensitive basis, to verify the identity of the beneficial owner, including in the case of a legal person, the following information:

  • the identity of the natural person who ultimately has a controlling ownership interest;
  • the identity of the natural person exercising control through other means;
  • the identity of the relevant natural person who holds a senior management position.

Where the customer is a legal person, the following information shall be collected:

  1. Government issued documentation certifying the existence of the business or enterprise such as certified articles of incorporation, a government issued business license, a partnership agreement or a

trust instrument;

  1. Copies of the By-Laws and latest General Information Sheet, which lists the names of directors/partners and principal stockholders, and secondary licenses;

iii. Principal place of business;

  1. Proof of business address such as utility bill, lease agreement, etc.
  2. Documents confirming the Company’s ownership structure: Certificate of Directors, Certificate of

Shareholders and Certificate of Registered Office – if these certificates are not available, please provide

Certificate of Incumbency (including number of issued shares, registered address and all directors and

shareholders);

  1. Proof of identity for directors and shareholders having a percentage of more than 10%: Copies of

passports or national identity cards;

vii. Proofs of address for directors and shareholders (10%+): copies of the utility bill or bank statement

issued not more than 3 months ago.

Where applicable, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD may also require additional information about the legal person in order to comply with the AML/CFT Laws.

 

Approval Process

In order to minimize the risk of money laundering and financing terrorist activities, BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD neither accepts cash deposits nor disburses cash under any circumstances. BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD reserves the right to refuse to process a transfer at any stage, where it believes the transfer to be connected in any way to money laundering or criminal activity. It is forbidden for BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD to inform customers that they have been reported for suspicious activity.

We will not accept an account without the required identification information.

In the event that, a customer does not present a valid government ID/Passport, and/or we cannot validate the documents provided and/or a client refuses to provide the requested identification documentation and/or any other circumstances that increase the risk of money laundering and terrorist financing are identified, an account will not be opened.

Notes:

PEP/Sanctions check must be undertaken via Refinitiv for each new customer relationship

 

Risk Assessment

Country Risk – Areas of Operation 

BAB MARKETS(PTY) LTD utilises the open resource available on knowyourcountry.com, which provides a country

risk rating based on the data / indicators weighted as follows:

Low

Medium

High

80-100

70-80

60-70

50-60

<50

 

Rank

Country / Territory

Score

1

Finland

85.47

2

Åland Islands

85.47

3

Svalbard and Mayen

85.26

4

Tokelau

84.85

5

Faroe Islands

84.24

6

Iceland

84.13

7

Denmark

84.08

8

San Marino

83.32

9

Greenland

83.31

10

Estonia

82.27

11

Lithuania

81.80

12

Norway

81.75

13

Sweden

81.70

14

Vatican City State (Holy See)

81.65

15

Uruguay

81.56

16

New Zealand

81.19

17

Bermuda

80.74

18

Christmas Island

80.44

19

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

80.44

20

Norfolk Island

80.44

21

French Polynesia

80.39

22

Guadeloupe

80.39

23

Mayotte

80.39

24

New Caledonia

80.39

25

Saint Barthélemy

80.39

26

Saint Martin (French part)

80.39

27

Saint Pierre and Miquelon

80.39

28

Wallis and Futuna

80.39

29

Liechtenstein

80.19

30

French Guiana

80.18

31

Brunei Darussalam

80.13

32

Andorra

80.00

33

Martinique

79.93

34

Réunion

79.93

35

British Indian Ocean Territory

79.92

36

Falkland Islands (Malvinas)

79.92

37

Pitcairn

79.92

38

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan

79.92

39

Latvia

79.54

40

Portugal

78.89

41

South Korea

78.73

42

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba

78.73

43

Singapore

78.72

44

Australia

78.61

45

Puerto Rico

78.46

46

Austria

77.79

47

Guernsey

77.61

48

Czech Republic

77.52

49

Oman

77.51

50

Malawi

77.20

51

Ireland

77.05

52

Bhutan

77.02

53

Qatar

76.85

54

Macau

76.80

55

Mongolia

76.69

56

Isle of Man

76.68

57

Botswana

76.42

58

Germany

76.39

59

Japan

76.35

60

Jersey

76.23

61

Poland

76.21

62

Namibia

76.19

63

Luxembourg

76.13

64

France

75.98

65

Mauritius

75.83

66

American Samoa

75.82

67

North Mariana Islands

75.75

68

Switzerland

75.65

69

Belgium

75.52

70

Hungary

75.34

71

Georgia

75.28

72

Malta

75.15

73

Zambia

75.13

74

Cook Islands

75.08

75

Guam

75.07

76

Fiji

75.05

77

Canada

74.83

78

Spain

74.61

79

Taiwan

74.58

80

Mauritania

74.20

81

Romania

74.12

82

Solomon Islands

73.90

83

United States Virgin Islands

73.86

84

Kuwait

73.71

85

Monaco

73.62

86

Netherlands

73.61

87

Slovenia

73.54

88

Gambia

73.29

89

Kazakhstan

73.12

90

Saudi Arabia

73.12

91

United Kingdom

73.08

92

Rwanda

73.07

93

Cape Verde

73.05

94

Niue

72.70

95

Tonga

72.57

96

Greece

72.53

97

Slovakia

72.35

98

Italy

72.25

99

Nauru

71.76

100

Bahrain

71.64

101

Chile

71.59

102

Bulgaria

71.43

103

Timor-Leste

71.34

104

Dominican Republic

71.32

105

Montserrat

71.31

106

Lesotho

71.17

107

Ghana

71.15

108

United States

70.95

109

Anguilla

70.64

110

Hong Kong

70.52

111

Sri Lanka

70.45

112

Grenada

70.42

113

Antigua and Barbuda

70.29

114

Gabon

70.23

115

Madagascar

70.17

116

Aruba

70.15

117

Angola

70.08

118

Tuvalu

69.71

119

Maldives

69.65

120

Costa Rica

69.40

121

Kyrgyzstan

69.40

122

Dominica

69.30

123

Uzbekistan

69.28

124

Micronesia

69.22

125

Cyprus

69.19

126

Palau

69.19

127

Samoa

69.18

128

Guatemala

69.10

129

Marshall Islands

68.96

130

Congo (Brazzaville)

68.91

131

Papua New Guinea

68.79

132

North Macedonia

68.69

133

Argentina

68.67

134

Bangladesh

68.65

135

Turks & Caicos

68.56

136

St Kitts & Nevis

68.48

137

Eswatini

68.40

138

Honduras

68.29

139

El Salvador

68.25

140

Sao Tome & Prin.

68.23

141

Turkmenistan

68.18

142

Equatorial Guinea

68.00

143

St Vincent & Gren

67.84

144

Seychelles

67.80

145

Bahamas

67.72

146

Ecuador

67.63

147

Belize

67.48

148

Kiribati

67.36

149

Paraguay

67.28

150

Malaysia

67.24

151

Peru

66.69

152

Moldova

66.58

153

Togo

66.48

154

Egypt

66.46

155

Armenia

66.44

156

Mexico

66.28

157

Guyana

66.05

158

Ethiopia

65.89

159

St Lucia

65.65

160

Sierra Leone

65.58

161

Bolivia

65.22

162

Suriname

65.16

163

Serbia

65.15

164

Comoros

65.10

165

Montenegro

64.95

166

Curacao

64.93

167

Indonesia

64.72

168

Niger

64.41

169

British Virgin Islands

64.31

170

Tajikistan

64.22

171

Azerbaijan

63.63

172

China

63.58

173

Nepal

63.43

174

Belarus

63.12

175

India

63.04

176

Algeria

63.00

177

Benin

62.98

178

Colombia

62.84

179

Cote D’Ivoire

62.68

180

Thailand

61.94

181

Tunisia

61.91

182

Lao People’s Democratic Republic

61.80

183

Chad

61.79

184

Djibouti

61.11

185

Brazil

60.22

186

Israel

60.16

187

St Maarten

60.02

188

Gibraltar

59.70

189

Pakistan

59.69

190

Bosnia-Herzegovina

58.93

191

Zimbabwe

58.70

192

Cambodia

58.67

193

Vanuatu

58.08

194

Cayman Islands

57.86

195

Liberia

57.77

196

Trinidad & Tobago

57.64

197

Barbados

56.95

198

Kenya

56.93

199

Jamaica

56.90

200

Jordan

56.65

201

Sudan

56.26

202

South Africa

56.25

203

Morocco

56.16

204

Guinea

55.98

205

Ukraine

55.95

206

Senegal

55.43

207

Nicaragua

55.33

208

Eritrea

55.14

209

Western Sahara

54.96

210

Croatia

54.90

211

United Arab Emirates

54.89

212

Kosovo

54.58

213

Cuba

54.14

214

Uganda

53.42

215

Burkina Faso

51.75

216

Guinea Bissau

51.62

217

Vietnam

50.10

218

West Bank (Palestinian Territory, Occupied)

48.27

219

Gaza Strip

48.27

220

Cameroon

47.98

221

Tanzania

47.79

222

Panama

47.72

223

Central African Rep

47.50

224

Albania

46.86

225

Lebanon

46.39

226

Burundi

45.85

227

Venezuela

45.56

228

Iraq

45.41

229

Philippines

43.94

230

Nigeria

43.22

231

Mozambique

41.55

232

Turkey

40.30

233

Libya

39.90

234

South Sudan

34.81

235

Somalia

34.07

236

Yemen

33.41

237

Mali

32.89

238

Haiti

31.64

239

Russian Federation

28.90

240

Congo, the Democratic Republic

28.80

241

Syria

28.33

242

Myanmar

26.01

243

Afghanistan

24.90

244

North Korea

21.93

245

Iran, Islamic Republic of

18.47

 

It shall be noted that the any clients residing / incorporated in any country that is included in the following lists,

i.e. FATF, EU High Risk Third countries is considered automatically as high risk:

1) https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/publications/High-risk-and-other-monitored-jurisdictions/increased

monitoring-october-2025.html

2) https://finance.ec.europa.eu/financial-crime/anti-money-laundering-and-countering-financing

terrorism-international-level_en

Prohibited countries which the Company is not allowed to provide any services are the following:

1) Countries indicated on the https://www.fatf-gafi.org/en/publications/High-risk-and-other-monitored

jurisdictions/Call-for-action-october-2025.html

2) Point II and III of the https://eurlex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02016R1675-20240207

3) Russian Federation

4) Belarus

5) Any other sanctioned country that the Company is not allowed to provide services